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The Kingdom of Cambodia is considered to be one of the most water-abundant countries in the region. Rivers and streams, lakes, aquifers and marine water of Cambodia are important sources for national economic development in many sectors such as agriculture, manufacturing and small-scale industries, hydropower, navigation, tourism, environmental protection, and daily life. Cambodia’s economy is highly dependent on water. The importance of water for food production, rural livelihoods and economic development is recognized in the government Rectangular Strategy (RS) on Growth, Employment, Equity and Efficiency (phase 2, 2008), the National Strategic Development Plan (NSDP) Update (2009 – 2013), and the Strategy for Agriculture and Water Resources (SAW 2009 – 2013).